AMH: what it is, levels by age and anti-Müllerian hormone testing

If you are in the process of finding a pregnancy or simply thinking about having a child, you must have heard of antimüllerian hormone or AMH. In this blog, we talk to Dr. Alejandra García-Villalba about the important role of AMH in female fertility and why it can help you fulfil your desire to get pregnant.

Discovered in 1950, AMH is a glycoprotein hormone produced in the ovaries and testicles. Its role is to suppress the development of the Müller ducts to develop the fallopian tubes and uterus in women. AMH is also a factor contributing to the differential regulation of gonadotropins (LH and FSH). Indeed, LH causes ovulation in women and FSH controls the menstrual cycle and egg production, and are essential for normal growth, sexual development and reproduction. AMH therefore controls the production of ovarian follicles and can provide information about fertility or help detect certain hormonal diseases.

What is a good ovarian reserve?

In order to know your ovarian reserve, an AMH test (or ovarian reserve test) seems to be the best solution. This test allows you to evaluate your fertility potential and is important information for your parental project. However, one should not confuse oocyte quality with quantity. This test is an indicator of the quantity of oocytes available in the ovarian follicles but does not take into account the quality, although these two factors may be correlated.

A high AMH level may mean that you have a better chance of getting pregnant and that you can wait a little longer before trying to get pregnant. But too high a level can also mean that you have diseases (PCOS) or abnormalities. In fact, the AMH concentration is 2 to 3 times higher in women with PCOS than in women with a normal number of follicles in their ovaries.

A very low AMH level can mean that you are having difficulty getting pregnant and usually indicates that you are in the early stages of the menopause. During the transition to menopause, LH and FSH levels fall, whereas in a young girl they will start to rise during puberty. The increased concentration of circulating AMH in the prepubertal period is a marker of ovarian follicle growth. It is therefore normal in young girls and in women after the menopause to have low AMH levels.

AMH values at different ages

A normal AMH level is between approximately 0.7 and 6 ng/ml. However, these figures differ according to age and other conditions. The older we get, the lower the level and the less likely we are to have a good ovarian reserve.

Between the ages of 20 and 25 the values are between 3.30 and 4.20 ng/ml, between 30 and 39 it is around 1.5 to 2.4 ng/ml and between 40 and 44 it is estimated to be around 0.52 to 0.88 ng/ml. During childhood and adolescence the average values are very high ranging from 4.69 to 14.17 ng/ml.

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How does an AMH test work?

It is very easy to do an AMH test. The test is conducted by a health professional who will take a blood sample. He or she will take a sample of blood from one of your veins with the help of a small needle and collect it in a small vial. This procedure takes about five minutes.

If you want to know more about your egg supply and your ovarian age, an AMH test is recommended. This test helps you to find out more about your fertility and is useful as part of a pregnancy plan. To find out more about your fertility, it is recommended that you do other tests.

Key hormones for fertility and trying to conceive

Hormonal balance is essential for conception. The main hormones involved in female fertility are:

FSH and LH: Produced in the pituitary gland, they regulate the menstrual cycle. FSH stimulates follicular growth and LH triggers ovulation.
Estradiol: Secreted by the follicles, it promotes endometrial growth. Adequate levels are essential for successful implantation.
Progesterone: Released after ovulation, it prepares the endometrium to receive the embryo. If levels are low, implantation may be difficult.
AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone): A key indicator of ovarian reserve. Low levels may reflect reduced reproductive capacity.

At Vida Fertility, we monitor these hormones to design personalised treatments and maximise the chances of pregnancy.

You can read more about the key hormones for getting pregnant here

Levels of AMH and other hormones important for female fertility

Levels of AMH Vida Fertility

Hormones	Normal values
FSH	3-9 mUI/ml
LH	2-10 mUI/ml
TSH	0,2-4,7 mUI/ml
Estradiol	27-161 pg/ml
Progesterone	5-20 ng/ml (en día 21)
Prolactin	0-20 ng/ml
AMH	0,7-3,5 ng/ml

It is essential to understand that although anti-Müllerian hormone levels provide relevant information, they do not definitively determine a woman’s ability to conceive. Rather, they help determine the most appropriate assisted reproduction treatment and the optimal medication doses to achieve pregnancy.

Discuss your AMH case with Vida Fertility Institute

Are you having trouble getting pregnant? Together we will overcome the challenges and work to create a successful path to motherhood. If you are looking for answers and support, you have come to the right place: Vida Fertility Institute.

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